https://czasopisma.uni.opole.pl/index.php/fj/issue/feed 2026-04-23T09:07:48+00:00 Wojciech Opioła, PhD. wopiola@uni.opole.pl Open Journal Systems <p>FORTHEM Journal is a peer-reviewed, academic journal published online, in open access, by the FORTHEM Alliance. The journal is focused on advancing and developing the latest thinking in all disciplines and interdisciplinary research, conducted by FORTHEM Alliance' Early Stage Researchers, remaining open to Academia.</p> https://czasopisma.uni.opole.pl/index.php/fj/article/view/5892 2025-06-25T08:11:20+00:00 Gonul Gunes gonul.gunes@uni.opole.pl

<p>Kurds, who stand at the center of political, military, and social tensions between Türkiye and Syria, play a decisive role in the fate of both countries not only because of their ethnic identity but also due to their geographical concentration along critical borderlands and their evolving political agency. This study analyzes the intersectional role of the Kurds in the crisis management processes of both countries in light of the regional dynamics that have changed with the regime change in Syria and the withdrawal of US military support. The new political balances and autonomous structures in Syria, forcing a strategic defense reflex, have simultaneously found repercussions in Turkish domestic politics. The symbolic contacts initiated by MHP leader Devlet Bahçeli, Abdullah Öcalan's call for disarmament, and the subsequent declaration of the PKK's dissolution, have shifted the issue from a security-focused crisis to a structural political initiative.</p>

2026-04-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright holds the author(s) and the University of Opole https://czasopisma.uni.opole.pl/index.php/fj/article/view/5904 2025-06-29T19:32:11+00:00 Natalia Kowerek natalia.kowerek@gazeta.pl

<p>This article examines the inconsistency in Hungary's foreign policy regarding its EU membership. While benefiting from EU opportunities, the Hungarian government counter new policies like the EU Migration Pact. It analyzes Hungary's historical background, focusing on Viktor Orbán and the Fidesz party, and explores themes of national identity and Hungarian conviction of greatness despite its size. The article also looks at Hungary's political isolation from the West, its support for illiberal democracy, and the status of Hungarian minorities abroad. Additionally, it discusses Hungary's support for EU expansion to the Western Balkans and the strategic motivations for this attitude. Ultimately, it illustrates Hungary's shift from a model EU candidate to a nation with growing inaccuracies towards the Union's core values, highlighting internal EU conflicts.</p>

2026-04-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright holds the author(s) and the University of Opole