Urban Legibility Condition in Nigeria: A Narration of Residents’ Experience in Ibadan Metropolitan Area
A Narration of Residents’ Experience in Ibadan Metropolitan Area
Oluwaseun Ayodele Olowoporoku
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-IfeAbstrakt
Peoples’ opinion has been an adjudged tool for proffering solution to various urban problems. By this, information is sourced to guide policy-makers and other environmentally concerned stakeholders in taking enlightened decisions about the future of cities. This study therefore examined urban legibility across different residential zones of Ibadan metropolis with a view to providing information that could enhance the livability of the city and others with similar background. A total of 327 residents were selected for the survey using systematic sampling technique. The study revealed that the most predominant urban legibility elements used in navigation in the core and transition zones were areas names while availability of nearby churches was the prominent urban legibility elements in giving/receiving directions in the suburban.
The study revealed that variation existed in the importance residents attached to the various urban legibility elements as well as the effectiveness of these elements across the various residential areas of the metropolis. Furthermore, the study established that locating places in Ibadan in terms of describing and taking description is a challenging task. It recommended that the government should work out modalities to locate all urban legibility elements, enlighten the public on the need to incorporate these elements in order to improve street coordinate system in the study area and also develop and implement existing development plan with the integration of urban legibility elements.
Słowa kluczowe:
urban legibility, urban centres, residential areas, descriptions, metropolis, IbadanBibliografia
Abegunde, A. A. (2011). The formation of traditional communities and the art of indigenous land management and development in Southwestern Nigeria. In Afon, O. A. and Aina, O. O. (eds.). Issues in the built environment of Nigeria. Obafemi Awolowo University press, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Aderemi, A. (2004): Nigeria: A Complete Factfinder. Ibadan: TEE-REX LTD, ANCE Building (First Floor), Magazine Road, Jericho.
Afon, A. O., (2011). Residential differentials in behaviour and environmental hazards and risks perception in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. In Afon, O. A. and Aina, O. O. (eds.). Issues in the built environment of Nigeria. Obafemi Awolowo University press, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Afon, A. O. and Faniran, G. B. (2013). Intra-urban Pattern of Citizens’ Participation in Monthly Environmental Sanitation Program: The Ibadan, Nigerian Experience. Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation, 8 (1): 1-10.
Afolayan, A. A. (1994). Migration, social links and residential mobility in Ibadan region: A case study of Ojoo and Sasa residents. In Filani, M. O.; Akinola, F. O. and Ikporukpo, C. O. (eds.), Ibadan Region. Rex Charles Publication.
Ajala, O. A. and Olayiwola, A. M. (2011). Choice of residential locations in selected urban centres in south-western Nigeria. Ife Planning Journal, 4 (1) Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Appleyard, D. (1973). Notes on urban perception and knowledge. In Downs, R. M. and Stea, D. (eds.). Image and environment: cognitive mapping and spatial behaviour. Aldine publishing company, Chicago.
Baran, P.K.; Smith, W.R.; Moore, R.C.; Floyd, M.F.; Bocarro, J. N.; Cosco, N.G. and Danninger, T.M. (2014). Park use among youth and adults examination of individual, social, and urban form factors. Environ. Behav., 46, 768–800.
Behnoush, A. (2017). Urban legibility, analyzing urban elements. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2017; www.european-science.com 6,1:147-162 Special Issue on Economic and Social Progress
Bongaarts, J. (2001). Household size and composition in the developing world in the 1990s. Population Studies, 55(3), 263–279. doi:10.1080/00324720127697 url to share this paper: sci-hub.tw/10.1080/00324720127697
CIA World Factbook (2016). http://www.indexmundi.com/nigeria/ demographic_profile.html.
Cullen, G. (1961). The concise townscape. London, Architectural Press.
Daramola, O. P. (2015): Environmental Sanitation Practices in Residential areas of Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. Ph.D. Thesis submitted to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Daramola, O. P., Olowoporoku, O. A. and Aribisala, O. D. (2018). Effects of Local Governance on Residents’ Environmental Sanitation Behaviour. The Ile-Ife Experience. International Journal of Environmental Problems, 4 (1) : 3-18
Farvacque-Vitkovic, C. and Godin L. (1997). The future of African cities. Challenges and priorities of urban development. Washington, DC: World Bank
Ghana Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (2010). Street Naming and Property Numbering System (Street Addressing System). Operational Guidelines (Final Draft) August 2010
Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for people. New York: Island press.
Golkar, K., (2000). Urban Design Quality Components. Journal of Account, (32), 38-65.
Golnaz, T. and Mostafa, N. (2015). Studying Legibility Perception and Pedestrian Place in Urban Identification. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society 3 (2-1): 112-115
Hart, R. A. and Moore, G. T. (1973). “The Development of Spatial Cognition: A Review”. In Downs, R. and Stea, D. (Eds.), Image and Environment, Aldine, Chicago, 246-295.
Kaplan, R. and Kaplan, S. (1989). The Experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective; CUP Archive: Cambridge, UK, 1989.
Kelly, A. and Kelly, M. (2003). Building Legible Cities 2: Making the case. Bristol Cultural Development Partnership.
Kim, J., Pagliara, F. and Preston, J. M. (2003). An analysis of residential location choice behaviour in Oxfordshire, UK: A combined state preference approach, International Review of Public Administration, 8 (1), 103-114, University of Southampton.
Koseoglu, E. and Onder, D. (2011). Subjective and objective dimensions of spatial legibility. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 30: 1191 – 1195
Long, Y., Baran, P. K., and Moore, R. (2007): The Role of Space Syntax in Spatial Cognition: Evidence from Urban China. Proceedings, 6th International Space Syntax Symposium, İstanbul, 2007.
Lynch, K. (1960). The Image of the City, MIT Press Cambridge, MA.
Lynch, K. (1981). A Theory of Good City Form, MIT Press Cambridge, MA.
Lynch, K. (1997). Theory of Good City Image, Persian Trans. Seyed Hasan Bahreini, Tehran University, Tehran.
Mansouri, S.A.(2009).Urban landscape comprehensive narrative of city. Manzar Journal, 3,9-11.
Mayer, F. S., and Frantz, C. M. (2004). The Connectedness to Nature Scale: A Measure of Individuals' Feeling in Community with Nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24. 503 515.
Meilinger, T. and Knauff, M. (2008). Ask for directions or use a map: A field experiment on spatial orientation and wayfinding in an urban environment. J. Spat. Sci., 53, 13–23.
National Geospatial Advisory Committee (2014). The Need for a National Address Database – Use Cases. A Report Submitted by the National Geospatial Advisory Committee. December2014.
O’Neill, M. J. (1991). Evaluation of a conceptual model of architectural legibility. Environment and Behaviour, 23:3, pp. 259 - 284.
Olaniyi, K. A. (2019). A study of urban legibility in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. A M.Sc. Thesis submitted to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Ogunjumo, E. A. (2008). The Nouveau mode of Private Commercial Urban Passenger Transportation in Nigeria: “Okada Saga in perspective. Journal of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners. 21 (1).
Ogunleye, J. O. (2017): Transport Security and Safety in Ibadan Metropolis. M.Sc. Thesis submitted to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Olowoporoku, O. A. (2018). Residents’ Perception and Response to Natural and Industrial Environmental Hazards in Coastal Town of Nigeria. The Niger Delta Experience Journal of Environmental Pollution and Management 1(2); 1-11
Olowoporoku, O. A. (2018). Echoes from the Coast: Assessment of Residents’ Perception Environmental Hazards and Risks in Coastal Communities of Nigeria. Environmental Quality Management Journal, 27 (4): 1-9.
Olowoporoku, O. A., Daramola, O. P and Buoro, G. (2019). Walking on a Banana Peel: Assessment of Menstrual Sanitation Bahaviour of University Students in South West Nigeria. A Paper Presented at the 8th Environmental Design and Management International Conference (EDMIC) held at the Faculty of Environmental Design and Management Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife.
Ramadier, T. and Moser, G. (1998). Social Legibility, The cognitive map and urban` behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 307-319.
Salawu, O. A., Angbo, Y. B., and Ebuga, E. A. (2014). Lafia: a State Capital without Street Names and House Numbers. World Journal Building Technology, and Estate Management. 1(1):10
Schultz, P. W., Gouveia, V. V., Cameron, L. D., Tankha, G., Schmuck, P., and Franek, M. (2005). Values and their Relationship to Environmental Concern and Conservation Behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36, (4): 457-475.
Shokouhi M. (2003). Legible cities: The role of visual clues and pathway configuration in legibility of cities. Proceedings of 4th International Space Syntax Symposium, London, UK, pp. 71.01 –71.14.
Ujang, N. (2012). Place Attachment and Continuity of Urban Place Identity. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 49, 156–167.
Ujang, N., and Shuhana, S. (2012). The Influence of Legibility on Attachment towards the Shopping Streets of Kuala Lumpur, 1(20), 81-92. Universities Putra Malaysia Press.
Ujang, N. (2014). Place Meaning and Significance of the Traditional Shopping District in the City Center of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research, 1(8), 66-77- Section: Original Research Articles.
Weisman J. (1981). Evaluation of architectural legibility: way-finding in the built environment. Environment and Behavior, 13, 189–204.
World Bank (2005). Street Addressing and the Management of Cities. Retrieved from: http://citiesalliance.org/sites/citiesalliance.org/files/CA_Images/Street_Addressing_ anual.pdf
Zimring, C. and Choi, Y. K. (1990). Finding Building in Way finding. Environment and Behaviour, 22, 555-590.
Zhao, P. (2010). Sustainable urban expansion and transportation in a growing megacity: Consequences of urban sprawl for mobility on the urban fringe of beijing. Habitat Int., 34, 236–243.
Aderemi, A. (2004): Nigeria: A Complete Factfinder. Ibadan: TEE-REX LTD, ANCE Building (First Floor), Magazine Road, Jericho.
Afon, A. O., (2011). Residential differentials in behaviour and environmental hazards and risks perception in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. In Afon, O. A. and Aina, O. O. (eds.). Issues in the built environment of Nigeria. Obafemi Awolowo University press, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Afon, A. O. and Faniran, G. B. (2013). Intra-urban Pattern of Citizens’ Participation in Monthly Environmental Sanitation Program: The Ibadan, Nigerian Experience. Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation, 8 (1): 1-10.
Afolayan, A. A. (1994). Migration, social links and residential mobility in Ibadan region: A case study of Ojoo and Sasa residents. In Filani, M. O.; Akinola, F. O. and Ikporukpo, C. O. (eds.), Ibadan Region. Rex Charles Publication.
Ajala, O. A. and Olayiwola, A. M. (2011). Choice of residential locations in selected urban centres in south-western Nigeria. Ife Planning Journal, 4 (1) Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Appleyard, D. (1973). Notes on urban perception and knowledge. In Downs, R. M. and Stea, D. (eds.). Image and environment: cognitive mapping and spatial behaviour. Aldine publishing company, Chicago.
Baran, P.K.; Smith, W.R.; Moore, R.C.; Floyd, M.F.; Bocarro, J. N.; Cosco, N.G. and Danninger, T.M. (2014). Park use among youth and adults examination of individual, social, and urban form factors. Environ. Behav., 46, 768–800.
Behnoush, A. (2017). Urban legibility, analyzing urban elements. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2017; www.european-science.com 6,1:147-162 Special Issue on Economic and Social Progress
Bongaarts, J. (2001). Household size and composition in the developing world in the 1990s. Population Studies, 55(3), 263–279. doi:10.1080/00324720127697 url to share this paper: sci-hub.tw/10.1080/00324720127697
CIA World Factbook (2016). http://www.indexmundi.com/nigeria/ demographic_profile.html.
Cullen, G. (1961). The concise townscape. London, Architectural Press.
Daramola, O. P. (2015): Environmental Sanitation Practices in Residential areas of Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. Ph.D. Thesis submitted to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Daramola, O. P., Olowoporoku, O. A. and Aribisala, O. D. (2018). Effects of Local Governance on Residents’ Environmental Sanitation Behaviour. The Ile-Ife Experience. International Journal of Environmental Problems, 4 (1) : 3-18
Farvacque-Vitkovic, C. and Godin L. (1997). The future of African cities. Challenges and priorities of urban development. Washington, DC: World Bank
Ghana Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (2010). Street Naming and Property Numbering System (Street Addressing System). Operational Guidelines (Final Draft) August 2010
Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for people. New York: Island press.
Golkar, K., (2000). Urban Design Quality Components. Journal of Account, (32), 38-65.
Golnaz, T. and Mostafa, N. (2015). Studying Legibility Perception and Pedestrian Place in Urban Identification. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society 3 (2-1): 112-115
Hart, R. A. and Moore, G. T. (1973). “The Development of Spatial Cognition: A Review”. In Downs, R. and Stea, D. (Eds.), Image and Environment, Aldine, Chicago, 246-295.
Kaplan, R. and Kaplan, S. (1989). The Experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective; CUP Archive: Cambridge, UK, 1989.
Kelly, A. and Kelly, M. (2003). Building Legible Cities 2: Making the case. Bristol Cultural Development Partnership.
Kim, J., Pagliara, F. and Preston, J. M. (2003). An analysis of residential location choice behaviour in Oxfordshire, UK: A combined state preference approach, International Review of Public Administration, 8 (1), 103-114, University of Southampton.
Koseoglu, E. and Onder, D. (2011). Subjective and objective dimensions of spatial legibility. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 30: 1191 – 1195
Long, Y., Baran, P. K., and Moore, R. (2007): The Role of Space Syntax in Spatial Cognition: Evidence from Urban China. Proceedings, 6th International Space Syntax Symposium, İstanbul, 2007.
Lynch, K. (1960). The Image of the City, MIT Press Cambridge, MA.
Lynch, K. (1981). A Theory of Good City Form, MIT Press Cambridge, MA.
Lynch, K. (1997). Theory of Good City Image, Persian Trans. Seyed Hasan Bahreini, Tehran University, Tehran.
Mansouri, S.A.(2009).Urban landscape comprehensive narrative of city. Manzar Journal, 3,9-11.
Mayer, F. S., and Frantz, C. M. (2004). The Connectedness to Nature Scale: A Measure of Individuals' Feeling in Community with Nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24. 503 515.
Meilinger, T. and Knauff, M. (2008). Ask for directions or use a map: A field experiment on spatial orientation and wayfinding in an urban environment. J. Spat. Sci., 53, 13–23.
National Geospatial Advisory Committee (2014). The Need for a National Address Database – Use Cases. A Report Submitted by the National Geospatial Advisory Committee. December2014.
O’Neill, M. J. (1991). Evaluation of a conceptual model of architectural legibility. Environment and Behaviour, 23:3, pp. 259 - 284.
Olaniyi, K. A. (2019). A study of urban legibility in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. A M.Sc. Thesis submitted to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Ogunjumo, E. A. (2008). The Nouveau mode of Private Commercial Urban Passenger Transportation in Nigeria: “Okada Saga in perspective. Journal of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners. 21 (1).
Ogunleye, J. O. (2017): Transport Security and Safety in Ibadan Metropolis. M.Sc. Thesis submitted to the Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Olowoporoku, O. A. (2018). Residents’ Perception and Response to Natural and Industrial Environmental Hazards in Coastal Town of Nigeria. The Niger Delta Experience Journal of Environmental Pollution and Management 1(2); 1-11
Olowoporoku, O. A. (2018). Echoes from the Coast: Assessment of Residents’ Perception Environmental Hazards and Risks in Coastal Communities of Nigeria. Environmental Quality Management Journal, 27 (4): 1-9.
Olowoporoku, O. A., Daramola, O. P and Buoro, G. (2019). Walking on a Banana Peel: Assessment of Menstrual Sanitation Bahaviour of University Students in South West Nigeria. A Paper Presented at the 8th Environmental Design and Management International Conference (EDMIC) held at the Faculty of Environmental Design and Management Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife.
Ramadier, T. and Moser, G. (1998). Social Legibility, The cognitive map and urban` behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 307-319.
Salawu, O. A., Angbo, Y. B., and Ebuga, E. A. (2014). Lafia: a State Capital without Street Names and House Numbers. World Journal Building Technology, and Estate Management. 1(1):10
Schultz, P. W., Gouveia, V. V., Cameron, L. D., Tankha, G., Schmuck, P., and Franek, M. (2005). Values and their Relationship to Environmental Concern and Conservation Behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36, (4): 457-475.
Shokouhi M. (2003). Legible cities: The role of visual clues and pathway configuration in legibility of cities. Proceedings of 4th International Space Syntax Symposium, London, UK, pp. 71.01 –71.14.
Ujang, N. (2012). Place Attachment and Continuity of Urban Place Identity. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 49, 156–167.
Ujang, N., and Shuhana, S. (2012). The Influence of Legibility on Attachment towards the Shopping Streets of Kuala Lumpur, 1(20), 81-92. Universities Putra Malaysia Press.
Ujang, N. (2014). Place Meaning and Significance of the Traditional Shopping District in the City Center of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research, 1(8), 66-77- Section: Original Research Articles.
Weisman J. (1981). Evaluation of architectural legibility: way-finding in the built environment. Environment and Behavior, 13, 189–204.
World Bank (2005). Street Addressing and the Management of Cities. Retrieved from: http://citiesalliance.org/sites/citiesalliance.org/files/CA_Images/Street_Addressing_ anual.pdf
Zimring, C. and Choi, Y. K. (1990). Finding Building in Way finding. Environment and Behaviour, 22, 555-590.
Zhao, P. (2010). Sustainable urban expansion and transportation in a growing megacity: Consequences of urban sprawl for mobility on the urban fringe of beijing. Habitat Int., 34, 236–243.
Olowoporoku, O. A. (2020). Urban Legibility Condition in Nigeria: A Narration of Residents’ Experience in Ibadan Metropolitan Area: A Narration of Residents’ Experience in Ibadan Metropolitan Area. Economic and Environmental Studies, 19(4 (52). https://doi.org/10.25167/ees.2019.52.2
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