State aid for biofuels in Poland
Bartosz BARTNICZAK
Аннотация
State aid is one of the instruments through which a state can interfere in the economy. Therefore, state aid is a particular instrument of implementing policy. One of the objectives of environmental policy of the European Union is to hold up a climate change. This can be achieved, among others, by an increase in the production of biofuels and an increase in their share in the use of fuel. Therefore, state aid to support the production of biofuels is an instrument through which has come to increase the production of this type of fuel. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the importance of state aid for an increase in the production and use of biofuels in Poland. Indicated the legal basis for granting state aid in the area of biofuels. After were analysed the aid programmes which were implemented in Poland. The article introduces what effect was achieved by the implementation of these programmes.
Ключевые слова:
state aid, biofuels, sustainable development, renewable energyБиблиографические ссылки
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Ministerstwo Gospodarki (2012). Obwieszczenie Ministra Gospodarki z dnia 29 marca 2012 r. w sprawie ogłoszenia raportu dla Komisji Europejskiej dotyczącego wspierania użycia w transporcie biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawialnych za 2010 r., M.P. z 2012 r. poz. 224.
Ministerstwo Gospodarki (2013). Obwieszczenie Ministra Gospodarki z dnia 3 lipca 2013 r. w sprawie ogłoszenia raportu dla Komisji Europejskiej dotyczącego wspierania użycia w transporcie biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawialnych za 2011 r., M.P. z 2013 r. poz. 598.
Ministerstwo Gospodarki (2014). Obwieszczenie Ministra Gospodarki z dnia 3 stycznia 2014 r. w sprawie ogłoszenia raportu dla Komisji Europejskiej dotyczącego wspierania użycia w transporcie biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawialnych za 2012 r., M.P. z 2014 r. poz. 91.
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Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (2011). Report on the state aid in Poland granted to entrepreneurs in 2010. UOKIK, Warsaw 2011.
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Zeigler A. (2009). Biopaliwa i powstawanie nacjonalizmu ekologicznego. Available at: http://www.schodamidonieba.pl. Accessed 15 March 2009.
Dołęgowska S. (2008). Biopaliwa- krok ku zrównoważonemu rozwojowi. Problemy ekorozwoju [Problems of Sustainable Development] 4(1): 123-130.
European Commission (2005). State aid N 580/2005 – Poland Excise duty reduction for biofuels.
European Commission (2008). State aid N 434/2008 Poland – Aid scheme for the construction of installations for the production of biocomponents and liquid biofuels, C(2009)6261.
European Commission (2010). Consolidated version of the Treaty, C83/2010.
European Commission (2014). Communication from the Commission Guidelines on State aid for environmental protection and energy 2014-20202014-2020, (2014/C200/01).
European Parliament (2009). Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC.
Hancher, L.; Ottervanger, T.; Slot, P.J. (2012). EU State aid. London: Sweet & Maxwell.
Ministerstwo Gospodarki (2012). Obwieszczenie Ministra Gospodarki z dnia 29 marca 2012 r. w sprawie ogłoszenia raportu dla Komisji Europejskiej dotyczącego wspierania użycia w transporcie biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawialnych za 2010 r., M.P. z 2012 r. poz. 224.
Ministerstwo Gospodarki (2013). Obwieszczenie Ministra Gospodarki z dnia 3 lipca 2013 r. w sprawie ogłoszenia raportu dla Komisji Europejskiej dotyczącego wspierania użycia w transporcie biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawialnych za 2011 r., M.P. z 2013 r. poz. 598.
Ministerstwo Gospodarki (2014). Obwieszczenie Ministra Gospodarki z dnia 3 stycznia 2014 r. w sprawie ogłoszenia raportu dla Komisji Europejskiej dotyczącego wspierania użycia w transporcie biopaliw lub innych paliw odnawialnych za 2012 r., M.P. z 2014 r. poz. 91.
Modzelewska Wąchal, E.; Pełka, P.; Stasiak, M. (2001). Pomoc publiczna dla przedsiębiorców i jej nadzorowanie. Przepisy i komentarz. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Prawnicze LexisNexis.
OECD (2008). Economic assessment of biofuel support policies. OECD. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/ trade/agricultural-trade/40990370.pdf. Accessed 12 November 2014.
Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (2011). Report on the state aid in Poland granted to entrepreneurs in 2010. UOKIK, Warsaw 2011.
Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (2012). Report on the state aid in Poland granted to entrepreneurs in 2011. UOKIK, Warsaw 2012.
Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (2013). Report on the state aid in Poland granted to entrepreneurs in 2012. UOKIK, Warsaw 2013.
Zeigler A. (2009). Biopaliwa i powstawanie nacjonalizmu ekologicznego. Available at: http://www.schodamidonieba.pl. Accessed 15 March 2009.
BARTNICZAK, B. (2020). State aid for biofuels in Poland. Economic and Environmental Studies, 14(4 (32), 441–452. извлечено от https://czasopisma.uni.opole.pl/index.php/ees/article/view/2917
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Bartosz BARTNICZAKStatistics
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