Middle income trap: a comparison between BRICS countries and Turkey

Ahmet AY; Gökhan AKAR; Tuba AKAR

Opublikowane: 2020-12-03

Tom 16 Nr 2 (38) (2016)

Pułapka średniego dochodu: porównanie Turcji i państw BRICS

Ahmet AY

, Gökhan AKAR

, Tuba AKAR

Abstrakt

Pojęcie pułapki średniego dochodu zajmuje miejsce pośród najczęściej poruszanych kwestii w literaturze poświęconej wzrostowi gospodarczemu. Istnieje wiele krajów, które nie są w stanie przejść do poziomu wysokiego dochodu i które utknęły w pułapce średniego dochodu. Państwa te pokonały barierę niskiego dochodu wskutek gwałtownego wzrostu, jednak gdy doszły do poziomu średniego dochodu, ich gospodarki zaczęły rosnąć w wolniejszym tempie i napotkały impas wynikający z nieodpowiedniej produktywności. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przeanalizowanie zagadnienia pułapki średniego dochodu i porównanie pod tym względem Turcji oraz państw BRICS (Brazylii, Rosji, Indii, Chin i Republiki Południowej Afryki). W celu dokonania porównania uwzględniono takie czynniki, jak kapitał ludzki, edukację i innowację. Chociaż Turcja wykazała ostatnio znaczącą stopę wzrostu, istniejący kapitał ludzki i innowacje wydają się niewystarczające do przejścia do wysokiego dochodu. We wnioskach, w oparciu o porównanie z krajami BRICS, zaprezentowano sugestie dla polityki Turcji w celu uniknięcia pułapki średniego dochodu.

Słowa kluczowe:

pułapka średniego dochodu, kapitał ludzki, innowacja, BRICS, Turcja

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pdf (English)

Zasady cytowania

AY, A., AKAR, G., & AKAR, T. (2020). Pułapka średniego dochodu: porównanie Turcji i państw BRICS. Economic and Environmental Studies, 16(2 (38), 279–301. Pobrano z https://czasopisma.uni.opole.pl/index.php/ees/article/view/2909

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