The prohibition of discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation in the universal system of human rights protection

Anna Pudło

Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego, Katedra Prawa Międzynarodowego i Prawa Unii Europejskiej

Abstract

The article essays to answer the question of what the nature of prohibition of discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation is in the universal system of human rights protection. In order to determine this, a comparative analysis of selected documents of universal human rights protection system was carried out, which – in the case law and doctrine – have been recognized as the key issue in the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation, along with reaching out to the provisions of some national constitutions.

Keywords:

non-discrimination, the UN law, sexual orientation, human rights in the UN law

Cassese A., Separate and dissenting opinion of judge Cassese, www.icty.org/x/cases/erdemovic/acjug/en/erd-adojcas971007e.pdf (15.05.2016).
  Google Scholar

Sources and evidence of international law, [w:] Benchbook on international law, ed. D.M. Amann, American Society of International Law, 2014, www.asil.org/benchbook/sources. pdf (6.10.2016).
  Google Scholar

Brownlie A., Public International Law, Oxford 2008.
  Google Scholar

Burek W., Klaus W., Definiowanie dyskryminacji w prawie polskim w świetle prawa Unii Europejskiej oraz prawa międzynarodowego, „Problemy Współczesnego Prawa Międzynarodowego, Europejskiego i Porównawczego” 2014, vol. 11.
  Google Scholar

Cassese A., The contribution of the international criminal tribunal for the former Yugoslavia to the ascertainment of general principles of law recognized by the Community of Nations, [w:] International law in the post-cold war world: Essays in memory of Li Haopei, eds. S. Yee, W. Tieya, London–New York 2001.
  Google Scholar

Czapliński W., Wyrozumska A., Prawo międzynarodowe publiczne. Zagadnienia systemowe, Warszawa 2004.
  Google Scholar

Ellis J., General principles and comparative law, “European Journal of International Law” 2011, vol. 22.
  Google Scholar

Herczegh G., General principles of law and the international legal order, Budapest 1969.
  Google Scholar

Jain N., General principles of law as gap-fillers, referat wygłoszony podczas konferencji „Filling the Gaps: The Study of Judicial Creativity and Equity in Mixed Jurisdictions and Beyond”, University of Catania, maj 2013.
  Google Scholar

Janis M.W., An introduction to international law, Aspen 1999.
  Google Scholar

Jenks C.W., Extent of the influence of the common and the civil law, [w:] idem, The common law of mankind, London 1958.
  Google Scholar

Kohen M., Schramm B., General principles of law, http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199796953/obo-9780199796953-0063.xml (30.12.2015).
  Google Scholar

Lauterpacht H., Private law sources and analogies of international law, London 1927.
  Google Scholar

Lauterpacht H., The development of international law, London 1958.
  Google Scholar

Lester A., Joseph S., Obligations of Non-Discrimination, [w:] eds. D. Harris, S. Joseph, The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and United Kingdom law, Oxford 1995.
  Google Scholar

Non-discrimination in international law. A handbook for practitioners, 2011 edition, http://www.interights.org/handbook/index.html (15.05.2016).
  Google Scholar

Nowak M., U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. CCPR commentary, Kehl–Arlington 1993.
  Google Scholar

Orientacja seksualna i tożsamość płciowa. Aspekty prawne i społeczne, red. R. Wieruszewski, M. Wyrzykowski, Warszawa 2009.
  Google Scholar

Pudło A., Problem zakresu niedyskryminacji ze względu na orientację seksualną w prawie UE, [w:] Unia Europejska a prawo międzynarodowe, red. L. Brodowski i D. Kuźniar-Kwiatek, Rzeszów 2015.
  Google Scholar

Reid K., A practitioner’s guide to the European Convention on Human Rights, London 2004.
  Google Scholar

Remin K., Zasady Yogyakarty. Zasady stosowania międzynarodowego prawa praw człowieka w stosunku do orientacji seksualnej oraz tożsamości płciowej, Warszawa 2009.
  Google Scholar

Schachter O., International law in theory and practice, Dordrecht 1991.
  Google Scholar

Sękowska-Kozłowska K., Artykuł 26. Równość wobec prawa i równość ochrony prawnej, [w:] Międzynarodowy Pakt Praw Obywatelskich (Osobistych) i Politycznych. Komentarz, red. R. Wieruszewski, Warszawa 2012.
  Google Scholar

Sękowska-Kozłowska K., Kontrola implementacji Konwencji w sprawie likwidacji wszelkich form dyskryminacji kobiet, „Problemy Współczesnego Prawa Międzynarodowego, Europejskiego i Porównawczego” 2009, vol. 7.
  Google Scholar

Shaw M.N., International law, Cambridge 2008.
  Google Scholar

The Universal Declaration on Human Rights – a commentary, eds. E. Asbjorn et al., Oslo-Oxford 1992.
  Google Scholar

Wasiński M.J., Prawo międzynarodowe publiczne w zarysie. Skrypt wykładu, Łódź 2014.
  Google Scholar

Zuleeg M., Der Schutz sozialer Rechte in der Rechtsordnung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft, „Europäische Grundrechte-Zeitschrift“ 1992, H. 15/16.
  Google Scholar

https://www.constituteproject.org/search?lang=en&q=sexual%20orientation (6.10.2016).
  Google Scholar

http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/comments.htm (15.03.2016).
  Google Scholar


Published
2016-11-10

Cited by

Pudło, A. (2016). The prohibition of discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation in the universal system of human rights protection. The Opole Studies in Administration and Law, 14(4 (1), 89–106. https://doi.org/10.25167/osap.1322

Authors

Anna Pudło 

Statistics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.


License

Author’s economic rights to published works are held by Opole University (collective works) and individual Authors (individual parts of the collective work, ones that form a separate entity).

The journal Opole Studies in Administration and Law accepts for publication only works which have not been in circulation before.

On the basis of the Regulation (2016/679) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (referred to as General Data Protection Regulation or RODO) Opole University, based at 11a Plac Kopernika, 45-040 Opole, is the personal data controller for all the authors publishing their works in the Opole Studies in Administration and Law.

The articles published in Opole Studies in Administration and Law are available under a licence Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

 

For aricles till 2017 your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation  –  see: 
Ustawa z dnia 4 lutego 1994 r. o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych

Read more about the license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

View Legal Code:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode