The syntax of spoken Czech as an instrument of subjectivization processes in the prose of Petra Soukupová
Jana Hoffmannová
Abstract
The first part of this study is an attempt to summarize Czech theories which develop the topic of reported speech (forms of presenting speech) and reported thought in literary works, that is, the use of direct speech/thought, indirect speech/thought, free direct speech/thought and free indirect speech/thought. Special attention is devoted to the internal monologue (the “reproduction” of unspoken utterances which only occurs as thoughts), most often based upon the alternation of free direct speech/thought and free indirect speech/thought, and how it is made into dialogue. This theoretical summary is based mainly on the works of L. Dole el, but on other authors as well (J. Haller, J. Hoffmannová, R. Adam, D. Hodrová, J. Koten and others). In the second part, these theories are applied in an analysis of texts by the young Czech author Petra Soukupová. In her individual works, we demonstrate coinciding as well as differing ways of subjectivizing the narrative: the narrator’s identification with the characters, the use of ich-forms, various forms of reproduction speech and thoughts (including hypothetical utterances) and the dialogized construction of internal monologues. The final part of the text focuses on the way in which typical elements of spoken Czech, above all syntactic ones, are utilized in the reproduction/reporting of the speech as well as the thoughts, reflections, and feelings of Petra Soukupová’s characters. On the one hand, there are linguistic means used to achieve reduction: the minimalization of expressions, concision and fragmentation (ellipsis, mainly the omission of the finite verb, parceling, in- dependent sentence elements, list structures, infinitive constructions). On the other hand, there is juxtaposition, which enables the free addition of syntactic units, which is often used for the associative construction of the internal monologue.
Keywords:
reported speech, reported thought, direct speech/thought, indirect speech/ thought, free direct speech/thought and free indirect speech/thought, internal monologue, subjectivization, spoken Czech syntax
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Jana HoffmannováStatistics
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