Avoidance Versus Elimination. How Can We Harm Less? How Can We Do Rather Good?

Embryo Selection Through In Vitro Fertilization Versus Germline Gene Editing

Beáta Laki

University of Pécs
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-8483

Résumé

The present article focuses on hereditary genetic disorders which is specified and evaluated through comparative analysis. This comparison extends on highlighting a few
factors in connection with avoidance through IVF embryo selection procedure and elimination, removal through germline gene editing. Focusing on the later listed factors the author introduces a new perspective of moral evaluation of the mentioned procedures. With the explanation of the dilemma, according to showing the factors and with the analysis of their effects the paper concludes that it is conceivable based on the factors discussed here that avoiding the appearance of genetic disease through IVF embryo selection is morally more
acceptable, given the current state of science and technology, than the direct modification, intervention into the germline.

Mots-clés :

IVF embryo selection, germline gene editing, safety, expected harm, responsibility, freedom

Brownell Lindasy. 2021. „Move over CRISPR, the retrons are coming”. Wyss Institute. https://wyss.harvard.edu/news/move-over-crispr-the-retrons-are-coming/ (28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar

Erdélyi-Belle Boglárka. 2016. ”An overview of genetic terms in psychogenetic association studies”.The International Society of Hypnosis Newsletter. Building Bridges of Understanding 20 (3) : 13–17.
  Google Scholar

Frewer Lynn J., Sheperd Richard. 1995. „Ethical Concerns and Risk Perceptions Associated With Different Applications of Genetic Engineering: Interrelationships With The Perceived Need For Regulation Of The Technology”. Agriculture and human values, 48–57.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02218074   Google Scholar

Fulton Theresa M., Buckler Carlyn S.K., Kissel Richard A. 2011. What is genetic diversity? The Teacher-Friendly Guide to the Evolution of Maize. Ithaca, NY: Paleontological Research Institution. http://maize.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php/genetic-diversity-and-evolution (28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar

Griffith Anthony J.F. 2023. Mutation. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/mutation-genetics (28.08.2023).
  Google Scholar

Gynell Christopher, Douglas Thomas, Savulescu Julian. 2017. ”The Ethics of Germline Gene Editing”. Journal of Applied Philosophy. (34) : 498–513.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/japp.12249   Google Scholar

International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing. 2020. Heritable Human Genome Editing. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. www.nap.edu (28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar

Irving Michael. 2021. „Harvard gene-editing tool „sneaks” DNA into cells without making cuts”. New Atlas. https://newatlas.com/biology/retron-library-recombineering-gene-editing-crispr/(28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar

Ledford Heidi. 2018. „CRISPR gene editing procedures unwanted DNA deletions”. Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05736-3 (28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar

Ledford Heidi. 2019. „Super-precise new CRISPR tool could tackle a plethora of genetic diseases”. Nature. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03164-5?utm_source=fbk_nnc&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=naturenews&sf221891291=1&fbclid=IwAR2x-nFzr-5S7IC04c1x0VFOQILmznmBf8ccWWinRgnMJ4k3nbLzXbH-vHQ (28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar

Leitch Carmen. 2021. „Are Retrons the Next CRISPR?”. Labroots. URL= https://www.labroots.com/trending/cell-and-molecular-biology/20347/retrons-crispr?fbclid=IwAR1AKEHrhTjphV_xP7uPhzZWon1HOu8BiI0EXnU8Dx_EARfymfbZC56BlaY (28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar

Mill John S. 1859/2001. On Liberty. Kitchener: Batoche Books.
  Google Scholar

Petre Ioana. 2017. ”Future Generations and the Justifiability of Germline Engineering”. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy (42) : 328–341.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhx003   Google Scholar

Savulescu Julian. 2001. „Harm, ethics committees and the gene therapy death”. Journal of Medical Ethics (27) : 148–150.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jme.27.3.148   Google Scholar

Tóth Sára, Hargita Hegyesi. 2007. Bevezetés a humángenetikába. Budapest: Semmelweiss Kiadó. United for Human Rights. 1948. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, art. 25. https://www.humanrights.com/course/lesson/articles-19-25/read-article-25.html (28.11.2021).
  Google Scholar


Publiée
2023-12-28

##plugins.themes.libcom.cytowania##

Laki, B. . (2023). Avoidance Versus Elimination. How Can We Harm Less? How Can We Do Rather Good? Embryo Selection Through In Vitro Fertilization Versus Germline Gene Editing. Studia Teologiczno-Historyczne Śląska Opolskiego, 43(2), 119–137. https://doi.org/10.25167/sth.5285

Authors

Beáta Laki 
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-8483

PhD of philosophy, senior lecturer at the Department of Behavioral Sciences of the University of Pécs, Hungary.



Statistics

Téléchargements

Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.


Licence

(c) Tous droits réservés Studia Teologiczno-Historyczne Śląska Opolskiego 2023

Creative Commons License

Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale - Partage dans les Mêmes Conditions 4.0 International.

Licencja oraz prawa autorskie autorzy przekazują wydawcy, którym jest Redakcji Wydawnictw WT UO.