Sytuacja - tekst - rozumienie tekstu
Ewa Miczka
Abstract
Deux textes; un texte poétique (haSku) et un texte „utilitaire” (horoscope) ont été plongés, chacun, dans trois contextes différents: un contexte original et deux contextes fabriqués. Les résultats de l’enquête permettent de constater premi/rement, que le crit/re décisif dans la sélection ou l’omission des informations contextuelles c’est le crit/re d’appropriété qui préc/de le crit/re d’accessibilité et celui de pertinence. Deuxi/mement, les domaines de la RT particuli/rement sensibles aux facteurs situationnels sont les domaines thématique et fonctionnel. Les changements de la situation dans laquelle le texte est perçu entraînent les réponses différentes (de celles qui ont été fournies dans la version originale) concernant le thème global du texte, le public visé (l’âge, l’éducation) et le type de texte (poème, publicité, conte, proverbe etc.). Le domaine de la RT qui résiste aux manipulations contextuelles c’est le domaine axiologique. On peut formuler l’hypoth/se que le manque de corrélation entre la situation et les décisions du lecteur au plan axiologique serait dû à l’effet de transfert; les enquêtés présenteraient leurs propres évalüations des objets - thèmes textuels au lieu de tirer les conclusions du matériel proposé (le texte perçu dans les situations différentes).
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