The religious genres of collective memory – an attempt at typology
Marta Wójcicka
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lubliniehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9846-9776
Abstract
The memory genre as a model of text serves to memorize (shape) and remember (pass on) images of the past, which reproduces the picture of the past. The article is an attempt at providing typology of religious memory genres. In the first part of the article, the concept of the memory genre is presented and an attempt is made at typology of religious memory genres, making use of the conceptions of Jan Assmann who distinguished communicative and cultural kinds within collective memory. According to the author, the religious genres of cultural memory include the liturgical prayer and the fixed prayer. On the other hand, instances of the religious genres of communicative memory are the universal prayer and parish announcements. Beside these two types, the author indicates also religious genres of inter-cultural memory, which constitute a connection of different types of memory: communicative and cultural or cultural and individual. Examples of this genre are the examination of conscience and a pastoral letter. Certain genres (e.g. the liturgical prayer) are stored in collective memory in full and should be tied to, primarily, remembering – one of the four phases of memory. Then they make genres of cultural memory. Others are connected with recalling (examination of conscience, a pastoral letter, parish announcement) and are genres of communicative or inter-cultural memory.
Keywords:
memory (communicative, cultural, intercultural), memory genre, prayer (liturgical, established, common), parish announcement, examination of conscience, pastoral letterReferences
Assmann J., 2008, Pamięć kulturowa. Pismo, zapamiętywanie i polityczna tożsamość w cywilizacjach starożytnych [Cultural Memory. Writing, Remembrance and Political Identity in Ancient Civilizations], transl. by A. Kryczyńska-Pham, ed. R. Traba, Warsaw.
Google Scholar
Bakhtin M., 1970, Problemy poetyki Dostojewskiego [Problems of Dostoevsky’s poetics], transl. by N. Modzelewska, Warsaw.
Google Scholar
Czachur W., 2018, Lingwistyka pamięci. Założenia, zakres badań i metody analizy. – Pamięć w ujęciu lingwistycznym. Zagadnienia teoretyczne i metodyczne [Linguistics of memory. Assumptions, research scope and methods of analysis. –Memory from the linguistic perspective. Theoretical and methodological issues], ed. W. Czachur, Warsaw, pp. 7–55.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323530077.pp.7-55
Google Scholar
Erll A., 2018, Kultura pamięci. Wprowadzenie [Memory of culture. An introduction], transl. by A. Teperek, ed. M. Saryusz-Wolska, Warsaw.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323534174
Google Scholar
Grochowski G., 2018, Pamięć gatunków. Ponowoczesne dylematy atrybucji gatunkowej [Memory of genres. Postmodern dilemmas of generic attribution], Warsaw.
Google Scholar
Łozowski P., Wójcicka M., 2018, Gatunek mowy: zamknięty system cech, tekst otwarty, czy kategoria poznawcza? [The genre of speech: A closed system of features, an open text or cognitive category], “Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium. Tertium Linguistic Journal”, Issue 3 (1).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7592/Tertium2018.3.1.Lozowski
Google Scholar
Majewska-Tworek A., Zaśko-Zielińska M., 2004, Ogłoszenia parafialne – opis cech gatunkowych [Parish announcements – a description of genre characteristics]. – Język religijny dawniej i dziś. Materiały z konferencji Gniezno 15–17 kwietnia 2002 [Religious language in the past and today, procedings of the Gniezno Conference 15–17 April 2002], ed. S. Mikołajczak, transl. by T. Węcławski, Poznań, pp. 75–85.
Google Scholar
Makuchowska M., 1998, Modlitwa jako gatunek języka religijnego [Prayer as a religious language genre], Opole.
Google Scholar
Makuchowska M., 2014, Funkcje modlitwy ustalonej liturgicznej i prywatnej. Aspekt językoznawczy [Functions of fixed liturgical and private prayer. Linguistic aspect]. – Funkcje wypowiedzi religijnych [Functions of religious utterances], ed. W. Przyczyna, R. Przybylska, Tarnów, pp. 97–113.
Google Scholar
Mikołajczak S., 2004, Modlitwa powszechna – kształt językowy i charakterystyka gatunkowa [The universal prayer – linguistic shape and genre characteristics]. – Język religijny dawniej i dziś. Materiały z konferencji Gniezno 15–17 kwietnia 2002 [Religious language in the past and today, procedings of the Gniezno Conference 15–17 April 2002], ed. S. Mikołajczak, transl. by T. Węcławski, Poznań, pp. 86–103.
Google Scholar
Olick J. K., 1999, Genre memories and memory genres: A dialogical analysis of May 8, 1945 commemorations in the Federal Republic of Germany, “American Sociological Review”, vol. 64, No. 3, pp. 381–402.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2657492
Google Scholar
Olick J. K., 2008, From Collective Memory to the Sociology of Mnemonic Practices and Products. – Cultural Memory Studies: An International and Interdisciplinary Handbook, eds. A. Erll, A. Nünning, Berlin.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110207262.3.151
Google Scholar
Olick J. K., 2018, Pamięć gatunkowa i gatunki pamięci [Genre memory and memory genres]. – Antropologia pamięci. Zagadnienia i wybór tekstów [Anthropology of Memory. Issues and Selection of Texts], eds. P. Majewski, M. Napiórkowski, transl. by M. Napiórkowski, Warsaw, pp. 458–470.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323533627.pp.458-470
Google Scholar
Skowronek K., 2006, Między sacrum a profanum. Studium językoznawcze listów pasterskich Konferencji Episkopatu Polski (1945–2005) [Between the sacred and the profane. A linguistic study of the pastoral letters of the Episcopal Conference of Poland], Kraków.
Google Scholar
Skwarczyńska S., 1975, Wokół teorii listu (Paradoksy) [About the theory of the letter (Paradoxes)]. – Stefania Skwarczyńska, Pomiędzy historią a teorią literatury [Between history and theory of literature], Warsaw, pp. 178–186.
Google Scholar
Wojtak M., 1999, Modlitwa ustalona – podstawowe wyznaczniki gatunku [Fixed prayer – fundamental characteristics of the genre]. – W zwierciadle języka i kultury [In the looking glass of language and culture], eds. J. Adamowski, S. Niebrzegowska, Lublin, pp. 129–138.
Google Scholar
Wojtak M., 2000, Modlitwa jako gatunek wypowiedzi [Prayer as a genre of expression], [in:] Język polski. Współczesność. Historia [The Polish language. Today. In the past], eds. W. Książek-Bryłowa, H. Duda, Lublin, pp. 133–141.
Google Scholar
Wojtak M., 2003, List pasterski – pragmatyczny aspekt wzorca gatunkowego [Pastoral letter – the pragmatic aspect of the genre model]. – Znak językowy w pejzażu semiotycznym. Księga pamiątkowa ku czci Profesora Józefa Wierzchowskiego [Linguistic sign in a semiotic landscape. A commemorative book in memory of Professor Józef Wierzchowski], eds. J. Gardzińska, A. Maciejewska, Siedlce, pp. 184–198.
Google Scholar
Wojtak Maria, 2004a, Styl religijny w perspektywie genologicznej [Religious style from the genologic perspective]. – Język religijny dawniej i dziś. Materiały z kon ferencji Gniezno 15–17 kwietnia 2002 [Religious language in the past and today, procedings of the Gniezno Conference 15–17 April 2002], eds. S. Mikołajczak, T. Węcławski, Poznań, pp. 104–113.
Google Scholar
Wojtak M., 2004b, Gatunki prasowe [Press genres], Lublin.
Google Scholar
Wojtak Maria, 2007, Rachunek sumienia – analiza genologiczna [Examination of conscience – A genologic analysis]. – Język religijny dawniej i dziś. Materiały z konferencji Gniezno 24–26 kwietnia 2006 [Religious language in the past and today, procedings of the Gniezno Conference 24–26 April 2006], eds. P. Bortkiewicz, S. Mikołajczak, M. Rybka, Poznań, pp. 289–299.
Google Scholar
Wójcicka M., 2014, Pamięć zbiorowa a tekst ustny [Collective memory and oral forms of communication], Lublin.
Google Scholar
Wójcicka M., 2015, Wartości a pamięć zbiorowa [Values and collective memory]. – Tradycja dla współczesności [Tradition for today], Vol. 8: Wartości w języku i kulturze [Values in language and culture], eds. J. Adamowski, M. Wójcicka, Lublin, pp. 65–72.
Google Scholar
Wójcicka Marta, 2018a, Język pamięci zbiorowej (w kontekście kultury oralności, piśmienności i elektralności). Prolegomena [The language of collective memory (in the context of the culture of orality, literacy and electracy). Prolegomena]. – Pamięć w ujęciu lingwistycznym. Zagadnienia teoretyczne i metodyczne [Memory from the linguistic perspective. Theoretical and methodological issues], ed. W. Czachur, Warsaw, pp. 68–93.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323530077.pp.68-93
Google Scholar
Wójcicka M., 2018b, The role of language in the study of collective memory (based on examples of the accounts of the regaining of independence in 1918, as given by Lublin residents), “Etnologia European Centralis”, No. 15, pp. 54–71.
Google Scholar
Wójcicka M., 2019, Gatunek pamięci zbiorowej. Rekonesans [Collective Memory Genre. Reconnaissance], “Stylistyka”, No XXVIII, pp. 79–90.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25167/Stylistyka28.2019.6
Google Scholar
Statistics
Downloads
License
1. Copyrights to published works are held by the University of Opole (to the collective work) and the Authors (to individual parts of the collective work that have an independent meaning).
2. Only previously undistributed works can be published in the scientific journal "Stylistics".
3. The University of Opole does not restrict the possibility of the author's further dissemination of his work on condition that the scientific journal "Stylistics" is indicated as the original place of publication and the consent of the University Publishing House.
4. Consent to the publication of the work in the scientific journal "Stylistics" is tantamount to granting the author a non-exclusive license to the University of Opole, including the right to use the work without territorial restrictions and time limits in the following fields of exploitation:
a) within the scope of recording and multiplication of the work - production of any number of copies of the work in whole or in part using a specified technique, including printing, reprography, magnetic recording and digital technique, introduction of the work into computer memory and computer networks,
b) within the scope of circulation of the original or copies on which the work has been recorded - circulation, lending or hiring of the original or copies,
c) within the scope of dissemination of the work in a manner other than specified in item 2 - making the work or its abstract available on the Internet by enabling the recipients to access the work on-line or enabling them to download the work to their own device that makes it possible to read it, placing the work in electronic databases that disseminate scientific works, including in particular the CEEOL database (Central and Eastern Online Libray) and the abstract in English in the CEJSH database (The Central Europaen Journal of Social Scienes and Humanites).
d) within the scope of creating and distributing dependent works created using the work - using them in the fields of exploitation specified in points 1-3.
5. The author is not entitled to compensation for granting the license to the work.
6. The author agrees that the University may grant further permission to use the work (sublicense) in the fields of exploitation specified in par. 2 paragraph 4.
7. The author agrees that, in connection with the distribution of the work, his or her personal information, that is, name, affiliation, and e-mail address, may be made public.
