Cancelled mourning
Ezekiel’s final dialogue in the face of Jerusalem’s impending disaster (Ezek 24:15-27)
Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM
Uniwersytet OpolskiAbstract
Prophet Ezekiel belongs to the figures of the Old Testament who realized their vocation in the period of the breakthrough epoch. Born in Jerusalem, moved to Babylonia (after the first conquest of the city in 597 B.C.), he was appointed prophet of Yahweh, surrounded by exiles who found themselves under new circumstances. Just as once the descendants of Jacob stayed in Egypt and received Moses as their leader, so also Israel in Babylonia received from Yahweh a confidant who was able to lead the people marked with the deepest blows of fate. Ezekiel was not at the head of the exiles who returned to Jerusalem. His task was even more difficult. Namely, he had to gather around him all the scattered people together with their leaders who, despite tragic experiences and magnitude, were not aware of the sins they had committed.
In the structure of the whole book of Ezekiel, the pericope about the death of the prophet’s wife (Ezek 24,15-27) was placed after the first part of the scripture in which (after the introduction, Ezek 1-3) the oracles against Israel are found (Ezek 4–24). The pericope “about woman” is to be seen as an introduction to a new theme, namely about oracles against the nations (Ezek 25–32). After the end of the old epoch (the punishment of Israel) a new one began (the punishment of the enemies of Israel). This breakthrough came only after the fall of Jerusalem (587/6 AD). As a sign of this event was the death of the wife of the prophet. Ezekiel despite the personal tragedy, could not follow the popular custom of mourning. However, it was a time of deep mourning for him, which was also felt by those around him. The “not showing the mourning” was on the one hand an attempt to bring the people away from wailing and on the other hand to look into the future with optimism and Yahweh’s help.
Keywords:
Prophet Ezekiel, cancelled mourning, Jerusalem, Ezek 24References
Adamiak R., Justice and History in the Old Testament. The Evolution of Divine Retribution in the Historiographies of the Wilderness Generation, Cleveland 1982.
Google Scholar
Angel H., Ezekiel: Priest-Prophet, „Jewish Bible Quarterly” 39 (2011), s. 35–38.
Google Scholar
Berges U., Klagelieder, Freiburg 2002.
Google Scholar
Block D.I., The Book of Ezekiel. Chapters 1–24, Grand Rapids 1997.
Google Scholar
Block D.I., Transformation of Royal Ideology in Ezekiel, w: W.A. Tooman, M.A Lyons (red.), Transforming Visions. Transformation of Text, Tradition and Theology in Ezekiel, Princeton 2010.
Google Scholar
Betts T.J., Ezekiel the Priest: A Custodian of Torah, Washington 2005.
Google Scholar
Bodi D., Les différents noms de Jérusalem dans le live d’Ézéchiel et les différents noms de Babylone, w: C. Arnold-Bhar, A. Lemaire (red.), Jérusalem antiqua et médiévale, Paris 2011, s. 59–74.
Google Scholar
Cassone D., When Israel Lost Its Meaning: Reconstruction of Language and Community in Ezekiel’s Prophecy, SBLSP (2003), s. 215–226.
Google Scholar
Ciecieląg J., Żydzi w okresie drugiej świątyni 538 przed Chr. – 70 po Chr., Kraków 2011.
Google Scholar
Cook S.L., The speechless Suppression of Grieg in Ezekiel 24,15-27: The Death of Ezekiel’s Wife and the Prophet’s Abnormal Response, w: J.J. Ahn, S.L. Cook (red.), Thus Says Lord, New York 2009, s. 222–233.
Google Scholar
Chrostowski W., Prorok wobec dziejów, Warszawa 1991.
Google Scholar
Deselaers P., Das Wächteramt: Ezechiels Dienst Am ewigen Bund, w: C. Dohmen, C. Frevel (red.), Für immer verbündet, Stuttgart 2007, s. 37–42.
Google Scholar
Ganzel T., The Defilement and Desecration of the Temple in Ezekiel, „Biblica” 89 (2008), nr 3, s. 369–379.
Google Scholar
Ganzel T., The Description of the Restoration of Israel in Ezekiel, „Vetus Testamentum” 60 (2010), s. 197–211.
Google Scholar
Gołębiowski M., „Nowy człowiek” według Jeremiasza i Ezechiela, w: M. Wojciechowski (red.), Miłość jest z Boga. Wokół zagadnień biblijno-moralnych. Studium ofiarowane ks. prof. dr. hab. Janowi Łachowi, Warszawa 1997, s. 129–137.
Google Scholar
Gosse B., La rédaction du live d’Ézéchiel en rapport avec celles du live d’Isaïe, „Transeu” 26 (2003), s. 33–45.
Google Scholar
Haręzga S., Jezus i Jego uczniowie, Lublin 2006.
Google Scholar
Hawthorne G.F., Żałoba, w: B.M. Metzger, M.D. Coogan (red.), Słownik wiedzy biblijnej, Warszawa 1997, s. 833–834.
Google Scholar
Hurvitz A., A Linguistic Study of the Relationship between the Priestly Source and the Book of Ezekiel. (A New Approach to an Old Problem), „Cahiers de Revue Biblique” 20 (1982), s. 45–52.
Google Scholar
Jasiński A.S., Znak TAU w kontekście biblijnym i franciszkańskim, w: A. Paciorek (red.), Krzyż Twój wielbimy, Tarnów 2011, s. 70–73.
Google Scholar
Jasiński A.S., Jerozolima: promień miłości Jahwe, Kraków 1999.
Google Scholar
Jasiński A.S., Komentarz do Księgi Proroka Ezechiela. Rozdziały 1–10, Opole 2005.
Google Scholar
Jasiński A.S., Komentarz do Księgi Proroka Ezechiela. Rozdziały 11–20, Opole 2009.
Google Scholar
Jasiński A.S., Prorocy epoki królewskiej wobec obcych narodów, w: I.S. Ledwoń (red.), Stary Testament a religie, Lublin 2009, s. 165.
Google Scholar
Jelonek T., Biblia jako fenomen kulturowy, Kraków 2012.
Google Scholar
Jelonek T., Teologia biblijna, Kraków 2011.
Google Scholar
Koch K., Sünde und Sündenvergebung um die Wende von der exilischen zur nachexilischen Zeit, „Evangelische Theologie” 26 (1966), s. 217–239.
Google Scholar
Kohler L., Baumgartner W., Stamm J.J., Wielki słownik hebrajsko-polski i aramejsko-polski Starego Testamentu, t. 1, Warszawa 2008.
Google Scholar
Lang B., Kein Aufstand in Jerusalem. Die Politik des Propheten Ezechiel, Stuttgart 1978.
Google Scholar
Langkammer H., Życie człowieka w świetle Biblii, Rzeszów 2004.
Google Scholar
Liverani, M. Nie tylko Biblia. Historia starożytnego Izraela, Warszawa 2010.
Google Scholar
Łach S., Księga Psalmów, Poznań 1990.
Google Scholar
Martinelli A., Lo Spirito di Dio e la Gioia Nell’Antico Testamento, Bologna 1976.
Google Scholar
McHatten M.T., Israel and Egypt during the Exodus, „Bible Today” 40 (2002), s. 141–147.
Google Scholar
Middlemas J., Exclusively Yahweh: Aniconsm and Anthropomorphism in Ezekiel, w: J. Day (red.), Prophecy and the Prophets in Ancient Israel, London 2010, s. 309–324.
Google Scholar
Middlemas J., Exodus 3 and the Call of Moses: Rereading the Signs, w: J. Middlemas, D.J.A. Clines, E. Else (red.), The Center and the Periphery, Sheffield 2010, s. 131–144.
Google Scholar
Mosis R., Ezechiel 13: Verkündigung aus Eigenem Herzen: Zur Unterscheidung der Geister, „Trierer theologische Zeitschrift” (2011), t. 120, s. 46–63.
Google Scholar
Nielsen K., Ezekiel’s Visionary Call as Prologue: From Complexity and Changeability to Order and Stability?, „Journal for the Study of the Old Testament” 33 (2008), s. 99–114.
Google Scholar
Pudełko J.J., Ezechielowa nowa świątynia: zapowiedzi i realizacja, w: M. Rosik (red.), Żyjemy dla Pana, Wrocław 2005, s. 573–581.
Google Scholar
Raabe P.R., Transformation the International Status Quo. Ezekiel’s Oracle Against the Nations, w: W.A. Tooman, M.A Lyons (red.), Transforming Visions. Transformation of Text, Tradition and Theology in Ezekiel, Princeton 2010, s. 187–207.
Google Scholar
Ritmeyer L., The Quest. Revealing the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, Jerusalem 2006.
Google Scholar
Rothenbusch R., Das Ezechiel-Buch als Stimme der babylonischen Diaspora, w: C. Diller, M. Mulzer (red.), Studien zu Psalmen und Propheten, Freiburg 2010, s. 257–259.
Google Scholar
Rumianek R., Księga Ezechiela. Tłumaczenie i komentarz, Warszawa 2009.
Google Scholar
Rüttenauer A., Und ihr wollt das Land besitzen? (Ez 33,25). Ezechiels Umgang mit repräsentativen Redensarten, Würzburg 2011.
Google Scholar
Sedlmeier F., Sie werden mir zum Volk. Zur Bundesformel im Ezechielbuch, w: C. Dohmen, C. Frevel (red.), Für immer verbündet, Stuttgart 2007, s. 211–218.
Google Scholar
Stachowiak L., Prorocy. Słudzy słowa, Katowice 1980.
Google Scholar
Steinmann C., Le prophète Ézéchiel et les débuts de l’exile, Paris 1953.
Google Scholar
Sweeney M.A., The Destruction of Jerusalem as Purification in Ezekiel 8–11, w: M.A. Sweeney (red.), Form and Intertextuality in Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature, Tübingen 2005, s. 145–155.
Google Scholar
Synowiec J.S., Prorocy Izraela i ich pisma, Kraków1994.
Google Scholar
Szczepanowicz B., Moda w Biblii, Kraków 2011.
Google Scholar
Szczepanowicz B., Mrozek A., Atlas zwierząt biblijnych. Miejsce w Biblii i symbolika, Kraków 2007.
Google Scholar
Terrinoni U., Słowo Boże i śluby zakonne. Obrazy biblijne: 1. Posłuszeństwo, Kraków 2006.
Google Scholar
Ternant P., Znak, w: X. Leon-Dufour (red.), Słownik teologii biblijnej, Warszawa 1982, s. 1144.
Google Scholar
Tułodziecki S., Miłosierdzie Boże w Starym Testamencie, Poznań 1992.
Google Scholar
Turkanik H., Księga Ezechiela, Jastrzębie-Zdrój 2011.
Google Scholar
Warzecha J., Historia dawnego Izraela, Warszawa 2005.
Google Scholar
Weeks S.A.D.E., Biblical Literature and the Emergence of Ancient Jewish Nationalism, „Biblical Interpretation” 10 (2002), s. 144–157.
Google Scholar
Wilson R.R., Prophecy in Crisis: The Call of Ezekiel, „Interpreting” 38 (1984), s. 117–130.
Google Scholar
Winkel H., Jeremiah in Prophetic Tradition: An Examination of the Book of Jeremiah in the Light of Israel’s Prophetic Traditions, Leuven 2000.
Google Scholar
Witaszek G., Amos. Prorok sprawiedliwości społecznej, Lublin 1996.
Google Scholar
Wojciechowski M., Biblia o państwie, Kraków 2008.
Google Scholar
Vaux R. de, Instytucje Starego Testamentu, t. 1–2, Poznań 2004.
Google Scholar
Zeilinger F., Wiara w zmartwychwstanie w Biblii, Kraków 2011.
Google Scholar
Zimmerli W., Die Eigenart der prophetischen Rede des Ezechiel. Ein Beitrag zum Problem an Hand von Ez 14,1-11, „Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde des nachbiblischen Judentums” 66 (1954), s. 1–26.
Google Scholar
Zimmerli W., Ezechieltempel und Salomostadt, Hebräische wortforschung, Brill, 1967.
Google Scholar
Zimmerli W., Grundriss der alttestamentlichen Theologie, Stuttgart 1978.
Google Scholar
Authors
Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFMStatistics
Downloads
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, Samuel: the last Judge of Israel , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, Bread and Wine in the Old Testament , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, The God of the Patriarchs as a Common Heritage of Judaism and Christianity , Scriptura Sacra: No. 19 (2015): Scriptura Sacra
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, YHWH: God of Anger or Mercy? , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, The Year of Jubilee in the Biblical Tradition , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, Two signs (mopheth) of Ezekiel (Ezek 12:1-16; 24:24-27) , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, Ways of man’s renewal (Ezek 18,1-32) , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, Aliens in the Old Testament , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, Historia obecności franciszkanów w Betlejem , Scriptura Sacra: No. 13-14 (2010): Ziemia Święta
- Andrzej Sebastian Jasiński OFM, Choice of Abraham , Scriptura Sacra: No. 21 (2017): Scriptura Sacra. Księga pamiątkowa dla o. prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja S. Jasińskiego OFM